Pattern Breakdown
Understanding the regex pattern ^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$:
- ^ - Start of string
- $ - End of string
- \d - Any digit (0-9)
- ? - Optional (zero or one)
- + - One or more
- * - Zero or more
- [...] - Character class
- (...) - Capturing group
- (?:...) - Non-capturing group
- | - Alternation (OR)
Examples
| Input | Result | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
1.0.0 |
✓ Match | Simple version |
2.1.3-beta.1 |
✓ Match | With prerelease |
1.0.0+build.123 |
✓ Match | With build metadata |
1.0 |
✗ No Match | Missing patch version |
Code Examples
JavaScript
JavaScript
const pattern = /^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$/;
const text = "1.0.0";
// Test if string matches
if (pattern.test(text)) {
console.log("Valid!");
}
// Extract matches
const matches = text.match(pattern);
console.log(matches);
Python
Python
import re
pattern = r'^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$'
text = "1.0.0"
# Test if string matches
if re.match(pattern, text):
print("Valid!")
# Find all matches
matches = re.findall(pattern, text)
print(matches)
PHP
PHP
<?php
$pattern = '/^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$/';
$text = "1.0.0";
// Test if string matches
if (preg_match($pattern, $text)) {
echo "Valid!";
}
// Find all matches
preg_match_all($pattern, $text, $matches);
print_r($matches);
?>
Java
Java
import java.util.regex.*;
String pattern = "^(0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.(0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.(0|[1-9]\\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\\d*|\\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\\.(?:0|[1-9]\\d*|\\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$";
String text = "1.0.0";
Pattern p = Pattern.compile(pattern);
Matcher m = p.matcher(text);
if (m.matches()) {
System.out.println("Valid!");
}
Use Cases
Common applications: Package managers, version control, CI/CD
- Form validation and input sanitization
- Data extraction and parsing
- Search and replace operations
- API request/response validation
- Log file analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the regex pattern for semantic version regex?
The regex pattern is: ^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$. Validate semantic versioning format (SemVer) with optional prerelease and build metadata.
How do I use the semantic version regex pattern in JavaScript?
In JavaScript: const regex = new RegExp('^(0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.(0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.(0|[1-9]\\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\\d*|\\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\\.(?:0|[1-9]\\d*|\\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$'); or const regex = /^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$/;
Does this pattern work in Python?
Yes, use: import re; pattern = re.compile(r'^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$') in Python. Most regex patterns are cross-language compatible.
What are common use cases for semantic version regex?
Package managers, version control, CI/CD
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